Systemic risk factors underlying primary open-angle glaucoma
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Facteurs de risque systémiques du glaucome primitif à angle ouvert.
Khallouli Asma, Oueslati Yassin*, Bouchoucha Saker, Gouider Dhouha, Maalej Afef, Rannen Riadh.
Department of Ophthalmology, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunisia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
Keywords
Risk factors, primary open-angle glauco- ma.
Abstract
Purpose. To analyze the epidemiological profile of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in a sample of 119 patients (209 eyes) with different stages of glaucoma and identify systemic risk factors associated with its progression.
Methods. A retrospective descriptive study, involving 209 eyes of 119 subjects, over a period of 2 years. The data was collected from medical records. Analysis focused on the study of systemic risk factors.
Results. The mean age of the manifest glaucomatous patients was 62.48 +/- 14.45 years. The sex-ratio was 1.23 (M/F). Most common risk factors were hypertension (42.9%), diabetes (25.2%), tobacco (27.7%) and dyslipidemia (23.5%). Blood hyperten- sion and coronary artery disease presented the greatest odds ratios, 3.8 and 3.23 respectively. Risk factors distribution according to severity stage showed that hypertension remains the most important risk factor, regardless the disease severity.
Conclusions. POAG is a common multifactorial disease. Identifying and suppressing, when possible, the associated risk factors should represent a significant time in therapeutic management. These facts will allow maximizing the advantage of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) which remains until now the only possible therapeutic option.